Afognak Island was originally designated as the Afognak Forest and Fish Culture Reserve because of its outstanding wildlife and salmon habitat value. Afognak Island State Park now incorporates much of the east and north sides of the island, totaling over 75,000 acres. 

Most of this park is undeveloped and pristine except for an area south of Seal Bay that was partly logged in the early 1990s. The park is known for its rugged topography, dense old-growth Sitka spruce forests, and salmon spawning habitat. 

Kodiak brown bear, Sitka black-tailed deer, Roosevelt elk, and the endangered Marbled Murrelet inhabit the park. Visitors can fish, hunt, hike, or just enjoy the pristine environment. There are two public use cabins in the park. One is on the south shore of Pillar Lake and the other is at Laura Lake, east of Perenosa Bay on the northern end of Afognak Island. Both are restored U.S. Forest Service cabins.